According to the National Center for Hydro-Meteorological Forecasting, a cold air mass is forming in the north and is anticipated to move southward on Friday night.

A woman sits by Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi on a winter morning of 2023.

Initially, it will affect the northeast region before expanding to the Red River Delta, including Hanoi, and the northwest, where Sa Pa City is located.

The first cold spell is expected to be weak and dry, resulting primarily in nighttime temperature drops while maintaining sunny days.

The second cold wave, beginning Nov. 5-6, will be the strongest this season, causing significant temperature drops across the north and bringing rain due to easterly winds.

Daytime highs are expected to reach 20-23 degrees, with lowest temperatures in the plains falling to 15-19 degrees and in mountainous areas to 12-16 degrees.

The U.S.-based weather website Accuweather forecasts Hanoi's temperature will range between 19-34 degrees on Friday, gradually decreasing to 15-19 degrees by next Wednesday.

In high-altitude areas above 1,500 meters, like Sa Pa in Lao Cai Province, temperatures are forecast to dip to a chilly 10-14 degrees by the weekend.

The central region will also feel the impact of both cold spells starting from the night of Nov. 1.

During the first spell, temperatures in Thanh Hoa to Nghe An provinces are expected to drop to 20-23 degrees, while the second spell may lower them further to 16-20 degrees.

Combined with easterly disturbances, the central region will experience heavy rainfall between Nov. 3-9, ranging from 200-500 mm, possibly exceeding 600 mm in some areas.

The heaviest rainfall is forecasted for Quang Binh to Quang Ngai provinces. Quang Binh, home to world's largest cave Son Doong, has been struggling with heavy flooding triggered by Storm Trami since Oct. 27.

The meteorological agency warns that strong cold spells are likely to continue into December 2024 and January 2025, bringing prolonged severe cold.

People, particularly those in northern mountainous areas, are advised to prepare for extended cold periods, frost, and potential freezing conditions.

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